![]() Thus, if we turn on the left transistor, current flows from the right of the power source through This turns on the transistor on top on the other side. ![]() The positive voltage either powers the base of the transistor on the left or the right. The circuit is manually controlled through a single pole double throw (SPDT) switch, a toggle switch. However, if you are using a much lower voltage-rated DC motor such as a 3V, you can use lower voltage. The circuit operates off of 6-12V, so itĬan run any type of motor. So the first thing that should be done is setting up power for the circuit. Normally, anyway, DC motors aren't rated higher than 12V, so you can use practicallyīesides these, all we need else are resistors. We are usingĪ 6-12V DC power supply, so the maximum rating the motor should have is 12V. The DC motor can be any type, of really any voltage. High-power ones are better for this circuit, as motors need more, but you can mix The datasheets for the TIP102 or the TIP120 can be found at the following links:Īgain, you can really use any NPN or PNP transistors. This is good so that they can drive a high-power device such as a motor. The TIP102/TIP120 transistors are NPN darlington transistors.īeing darlington transistors, they also provide high current gain. The datasheets for the TIP107 or the TIP127 can be found at the following So this transistor is wellĪbove the same range in power that we need. Normally 12V, this means that the collector can pass 6.7A. The collector of the TIP107 transistorĬan deal with up to 80 watts of power, while the TIP127 can deal with up to 65W.īeing that the highest-rated DC motors are The TIP107/127 transistors are PNP darlington transistors.īeing that they are a darlington transistors, they provide highĬurrent gain. But it is better for them to be high-power transistors, since motors need adequate current. Really any NPN transistors or PNP transistors can be used. It's mostly for motors, but it can also be for other devices as well. That works in opposite directional depending on which lead is connected to power. So, again, h bridges can be used for any type of bidirectional 2-lead device Would be to manually switch the polarity leads of the device. Otherwise, the only way to be able to operate the device bidirectionally Know that h bridges are useful for circuits that require bidirectionalįunctioning. We will talk about these transistors more. Motors require several times more current than an output device that say an LED Since motors require a good amount of current, normally about 75mA or so, we want a high-power transistor. These are darlington transistors that can deal with high power outputs. The 2 types of transistors we will use are the TIP107 PNP transistors and the TIP102 NPN transistors. In total, we use 4 different transistors, 2 PNP transistors and 2 NPN transistors. These are transistors provide very good current gain and transistors Since motors run off a good amount of current, we will use high-current gain and high-power transistors. So in this circuit, we will build an H-bridge simply with bipolar junction transistors. You may also just be interested in knowning how an h bridge works. You can also build it with discrete and simple components such as with transistors andĮven though it's almost invariably simpler to use an IC to act as an H-bridge such as the popular L293 IC, there may be times you may want to design one yourself for any To build an H-bridge, the only option is not to use an IC chip for an H-bridge. Therefore, the motor can be utilized with its full In this circuit, we will show how to build an H-bridge circuit with transistors.Īn h bridge is a circuit that is used primarily to control motors they allow for forward and reverse motion of the motors. How to Build an H bridge Circuit with Transistors ![]()
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